Vida más allá del PowerPoint: Un esfuerzo por superar la presente involución tecnológica de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje hacia prácticas docentes pretéritas retrotraídas

La tradicional clase magistral se ha vestido o disfrazado, en el marco de la revolución digital, con tecnología para convertirse, en la pràctica, en una versión más cara y compleja, con grandes costes para los centros de enseñanza y universidades. Sigue siendo una lectura comentada por el profesor donde el alumno no tiene un papel activo, ya que es el profesor el que se considera que tiene el conocimiento, y trabaja. Los alumnos pueden preguntar si se considera necesario, ahora el estudiante no necesita ya tomar apuntes siquiera, las diapositivas de las editoriales carecen casi de erratas… Se propone con este poster dar un salto cualitativo siguiendo metodologías del mundo anglosajón para plantear presentaciones adecuadas a los objetivos de enseñanza-aprendizaje propuestos en las guías docentes, donde el alumno participe activamente, tenga un papel protagonista o central, y pueda recibir feedback o retroalimentación tanto del profesor como de sus propios compañeros en el tiempo de clase, facilitando un aprendizaje integral y promoviendo el pensamiento crítico. Nuestra aportación consiste en aportar un esfuerzo por superar la presente involución tecnológica de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje hacia prácticas docentes pretéritas retrotraídas, desde una perspectiva crítica y de aprendizaje integral.Traditional old fashion class, lecture style, today has been dressed with technology at the digital age to become, in practice, a more expensive and complex version of a lecture, with expensive costs for schools and universities. It is still a reading commented by the teacher where students do not have an active role, since the teacher works, as he is considered to have the knowledge. Students could ask if it is considered necessary, and students do not even need to take notes as the slides from professional editors have no mistakes or errors. It is proposed in this poster to make a qualitative leap following methodologies of the Anglo-Saxon world to suggest presentations appropriate to the objectives of teaching-learning proposed in the teaching guides. Student should actively participate, it plays a leading or central role, and they would be able to receive feedback from both the teacher and their classmates during class time, facilitating a comprehensive learning and promoting a critical thinking learning. Our contribution consists of an effort to overcome the present technological involution of teaching-learning processes towards past teaching practices, to give a new vision from an holistic and critical perspective approach to learn

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome, Endothelial Function and Markers of Endothelialization. Changes after CPAP

STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study tries to assess the endothelial function in vivo using flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and several biomarkers of endothelium formation/restoration and damage in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome at baseline and after three months with CPAP therapy. DESIGN: Observational study, before and after CPAP therapy. SETTING AND PATIENTS: We studied 30 patients with apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) >15/h that were compared with themselves after three months of CPAP therapy. FMD was assessed non-invasively in vivo using the Laser-Doppler flowmetry. Circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) and microparticles (MPs) were measured as markers of endothelial damage and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was determined as a marker of endothelial restoration process. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: After three month with CPAP, FMD significantly increased (1072.26 ± 483.21 vs. 1604.38 ± 915.69 PU, p< 0.005) cf-DNA and MPs significantly decreased (187.93 ± 115.81 vs. 121.28 ± 78.98 pg/ml, p<0.01, and 69.60 ± 62.60 vs. 39.82 ± 22.14 U/μL, p<0.05, respectively) and VEGF levels increased (585.02 ± 246.06 vs. 641.11 ± 212.69 pg/ml, p<0.05). These changes were higher in patients with more severe disease. There was a relationship between markers of damage (r = -0.53, p<0.005) but not between markers of damage and restoration, thus suggesting that both types of markers should be measured together. CONCLUSIONS: CPAP therapy improves FMD. This improvement may be related to an increase of endothelial restoration process and a decrease of endothelial damage

Association Between Endometriosis and Preterm Birth in Women With Spontaneous Conception or Using Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the effect of endometriosis on preterm birth (PB) risk. METHODS: Searches were conducted in PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and SciELO for studies published in all languages from inception through April 2017. We included cohort studies evaluating pregnant women with and without endometriosis and conception either by spontaneous conception (SC) or with assisted reproductive technology (ART). Primary outcome was PB (<37 weeks), and secondary outcomes were intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), low birthweight, small for gestational age (SGA), and birthweight. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as effects, and random-effects models were used for meta-analyses. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and heterogeneity of effects among studies was described with the I2 statistic. RESULTS: We identified 9 cohort studies including a total of 1 496 715 pregnancies (13 798 with endometriosis diagnosis). In women with endometriosis, the PB risk was significantly increased in both SC (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.32-1.90) and ART (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.14-1.79). The SGA risk was increased in women with endometriosis (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05-1.28), while the IUGR and low birthweight risks and birthweight were not affected by endometriosis. CONCLUSION: Endometriosis is associated with increased PB risk in both SC and women who obtained pregnancy using ART. Prospective studies evaluating relevant outcomes are needed to confirm these results.Revisión por pare

Structural stability of Fe5Si3 and Ni2Si studied by high-pressure x-ray diffraction and ab initio total-energy calculations

We performed high-pressure angle dispersive x-ray diffraction measurements on Fe5Si3 and Ni2Si up to 75 GPa. Both materials were synthesized in bulk quantities via a solid-state reaction. In the pressure range covered by the experiments, no evidence of the occurrence of phase transitions was observed. On top of that, Fe5Si3 was found to compress isotropically, whereas an anisotropic compression was observed in Ni2Si. The linear incompressibility of Ni2Si along the c-axis is similar in magnitude to the linear incompressibility of diamond. This fact is related to the higher valence-electron charge density of Ni2Si along the c-axis. The observed anisotropic compression of Ni2Si is also related to the layered structure of Ni2Si where hexagonal layers of Ni2+ cations alternate with graphite-like layers formed by (NiSi)2- entities. The experimental results are supported by ab initio total-energy calculations carried out using density functional theory and the pseudopotential method. For Fe5Si3, the calculations also predicted a phase transition at 283 GPa from the hexagonal P63/mcm phase to the cubic structure adopted by Fe and Si in the garnet Fe5Si3O12. The room-temperature equations of state for Fe5Si3 and Ni2Si are also reported and a possible correlation between the bulk modulus of iron silicides and the coordination number of their minority element is discussed. Finally, we report novel descriptions of these structures, in particular of the predicted high-pressure phase of Fe5Si3 (the cation subarray in the garnet Fe5Si3O12), which can be derived from spinel Fe2SiO4 (Fe6Si3O12).Comment: 44 pages, 13 figures, 3 Table

Infrared spectral fingerprint of neutral and charged endo- and exohedral metallofullerenes

Small metal-containing molecules have been detected and recognized as one of the hybrid species efficiently formed in space; especially in the circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars. It has been predicted also that more complex hybrid species like those formed by metals and fullerenes (metallofullerenes) could be present in such circumstellar environments. Recently, quantum-chemical simulations of metallofullerenes have shown that they are potential emitters contributing to the observed mid-IR spectra in the fullerene-rich circumstellar environments of different types of evolved stars. Here we present the individual simulated mid-IR (~5-50 um) spectra of twenty-eight metallofullerene species; both neutral and charged endo- and exohedral metallofullerenes for seven different metals (Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Ti, and Fe) have been considered. The changes induced by the metal-C60 interaction on the intensity and position of the spectral features are highlighted using charge density difference maps and electron density partitioning. Our calculations identify the fundamental IR spectral regions where, depending on the metal binding nature, there should be a major spectral contribution from each of the metallofullerenes. The metallofullerenes IR spectra are made publicly available to the astronomical community, especially James Webb Space Telescope users, for comparisons that could eventually lead to the detection of these species in space.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series on 19 September 2023 (in press) (13 pages, 7 figures, and 1 table

Pressure-Driven Symmetry-Preserving Phase Transitions in Co(IO3)(2)

[EN] High-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies of cobalt iodate, Co(IO3)(2), reveal a counterintuitive pressure-induced expansion along certain crystallographic directions. High-pressure Raman and infrared spectroscopy, combined with density-functional theory calculations, reveal that with increasing pressure, it becomes energetically favorable for certain I-O bonds to increase in length over the full range of pressure studied up to 28 GPa. This phenomenon is driven by the high-pressure behavior of iodate ion lone electron pairs. Two pressure-induced isosymmetric monoclinic-monoclinic phase transitions are observed at around 3.0 and 9.0 GPa, which are characterized by increasing oxygen coordination of the iodine atoms and the probable formation of pressure-induced metavalent bonds. Pressure-volume equations of state are presented, as well as a detailed discussion of the pressure dependences of the observed Raman- and infrared-active modes, which clarifies previous inconsistencies in the literature.This work was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana under Project PROMETEO 2018/123-EFIMAT and by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Universidades, e Investigacion under Projects PID2019-106383GB-41/42/43, as well as through MALTA Consolider Team research network (RED2018102612-T). A.M. and P.R.-H. acknowledge computing time provided by Red Espan~ola de Supercomputacion (RES) and the MALTA Consolider Team cluster. D.E. acknowledges the resources and technical assistance provided by the Informatics Service of Universitat de Valencia through the Tirant III cluster. A.L. and D.E. would like to thank the Generalitat Valenciana for the Ph.D. Fellowship no. GRISOLIAP/2019/025. R.T. acknowledges funding from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) via the Juan de la Cierva Formacion fellowship (FJC2018-036185-I). C.P. is thankful for the financial support of the Spanish Mineco Project no. FIS2017-83295-P. E.B would like to thank the University of Valencia for his "Attraccio de Talent" postdoctoral contract (UV-INV_POSTDOC19-1026935). The authors thank Sandrine Beauquis from Symme, Universite Savoie Mont Blanc (France), for her technical assistance concerning the SEM and ADX analyses. PXRD experiments were performed at the MSPD beamline of ALBA Synchrotron (experiment no. 2019083663). IR experiments were performed at the MIRAS beamline of ALBA Synchrotron (experiment no. 2020024118).Liang, A.; Popescu, C.; Manjón, F.; Turnbull, R.; Bandiello, E.; Rodriguez-Hernandez, P.; Muñoz, A.... (2021). Pressure-Driven Symmetry-Preserving Phase Transitions in Co(IO3)(2). The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 125(31):17448-17461. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c0465917448174611253

Knowledge representation tool for cognitiveprocesses modeling

In the last decades, neuropsychological theories tend to consider cognitive functions as a result of the whole brainwork and not as individual local areas of its cortex. Studies based on neuroimaging techniques have increased in the last years, promoting an exponential growth of the body of knowledge about relations between cognitive functions and brain structures [1]. However, so fast evolution make complicated to integrate them in verifiable theories and, even more, translated in to cognitive rehabilitation. The aim of this research work is to develop a cognitive process-modeling tool. The purpose of this system is, in the first term, to represent multidimensional data, from structural and functional connectivity, neuroimaging, data from lesion studies and derived data from clinical intervention [2][3]. This will allow to identify consolidated knowledge, hypothesis, experimental designs, new data from ongoing studies and emerging results from clinical interventions. In the second term, we pursuit to use Artificial Intelligence to assist in decision making allowing to advance towards evidence based and personalized treatments in cognitive rehabilitation. This work presents the knowledge base design of the knowledge representation tool. It is compound of two different taxonomies (structure and function) and a set of tags linking both taxonomies at different levels of structural and functional organization. The remainder of the abstract is organized as follows: Section 2 presents the web application used for gathering necessary information for generating the knowledge base, Section 3 describes knowledge base structure and finally Section 4 expounds reached conclusions

Chemical pressure effects on the spectroscopic properties of Nd3+-doped gallium nano-garnets

[EN] Nd3+-doped RE3Ga5O12 (RE = Gd, Y, and Lu) nano-crystalline garnets of 40-45 nm in size have been synthesized by a sol-gel method. With the decrease of the RE atom size, the chemical pressure related to the decreasing volumes of the GaO4 tetrahedral, GaO6 octahedral and REO8 dodecahedral units drive the nano-garnets toward a more compacted structure, which is evidenced by the change of the vibrational phonon mode frequencies. The chemical pressure also increases the crystal-field strength felt by the RE3+ ions while decreases the orthorhombic distortion of the REO8 local environment. These effects alter the absorption and emission properties of the Nd3+ ion measured in the near-infrared luminescence range from 0.87 to 1.43 ¿m associated with the 4 F3/2¿4 IJ (J = 9/2, 11/2, 13/2) transitions. The 4 F3/2 luminescence decay curves show non-exponential behavior due to dipole-dipole energy transfer interactions among Nd3+ ions that increases with pressure.Authors are grateful to The Governments of Spain and India for the Indo-Spanish Joint Programme of Bilateral Cooperation in Science and Technology (PRI-PIBIN-2011-1153/DST-INT-Spain-P-38-11). Dr. Venkatramu is grateful to DAE-BRNS, Government of India for the award of DAE Research Award for Young Scientist (No. 2010/20/34/5/BRNS/2223). This work have been partially supported by MINECO under The National Program of Materials (MAT2013-46649-C4-2-P/-3-P/-4-P), The Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Program (MALTA CSD2007-00045), by Fundacion CajaCanarias (ENER-01), and by the EU-FEDER funds. V. Monteseguro wishes to thank MICINN for the FPI grant (BES-2011-044596). Authors also thank Agencia Canaria de Investigacion, Innovacion y Sociedad de la Informacion for the funds given to Universidad de La Laguna, co-financed by The European Social Fund by a percentage of 85%.Monteseguro, V.; Rathaiah, M.; Linganna, K.; Lozano-Gorrin, AD.; Hernandez-Rodriguez, MA.; Martin, IR.; Babu, P.... (2015). Chemical pressure effects on the spectroscopic properties of Nd3+-doped gallium nano-garnets. Optical Materials Express. 5(8):1661-1673. https://doi.org/10.1364/OME.5.001661S1661167358Pollnau, M., Hardman, P. ., Clarkson, W. ., & Hanna, D. . (1998). Upconversion, lifetime quenching, and ground-state bleaching in Nd3+:LiYF4. Optics Communications, 147(1-3), 203-211. doi:10.1016/s0030-4018(97)00524-5Brandle, C. D., & Barns, R. L. (1974). Crystal stoichiometry of Czochralski grown rare-earth gallium garnets. Journal of Crystal Growth, 26(1), 169-170. doi:10.1016/0022-0248(74)90223-1Venkatramu, V., Giarola, M., Mariotto, G., Enzo, S., Polizzi, S., Jayasankar, C. K., … Speghini, A. (2010). Nanocrystalline lanthanide-doped Lu3Ga5O12garnets: interesting materials for light-emitting devices. Nanotechnology, 21(17), 175703. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/21/17/175703Speghini, A., Piccinelli, F., & Bettinelli, M. (2011). Synthesis, characterization and luminescence spectroscopy of oxide nanopowders activated with trivalent lanthanide ions: The garnet family. Optical Materials, 33(3), 247-257. doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2010.10.039Krsmanović, R., Morozov, V. A., Lebedev, O. I., Polizzi, S., Speghini, A., Bettinelli, M., & Tendeloo, G. V. (2007). Structural and luminescence investigation on gadolinium gallium garnet nanocrystalline powders prepared by solution combustion synthesis. Nanotechnology, 18(32), 325604. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/18/32/325604Naccache, R., Vetrone, F., Speghini, A., Bettinelli, M., & Capobianco, J. A. (2008). Cross-Relaxation and Upconversion Processes in Pr3+ Singly Doped and Pr3+/Yb3+ Codoped Nanocrystalline Gd3Ga5O12: The Sensitizer/Activator Relationship. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 112(20), 7750-7756. doi:10.1021/jp711494dAntic-Fidancev, E., Hölsä, J., Lastusaari, M., & Lupei, A. (2001). Dopant-host relationships in rare-earth oxides and garnets doped with trivalent rare-earth ions. Physical Review B, 64(19). doi:10.1103/physrevb.64.195108Rodríguez-Carvajal, J. (1993). Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 192(1-2), 55-69. doi:10.1016/0921-4526(93)90108-iMonteseguro, V., Rodríguez-Hernández, P., Ortiz, H. M., Venkatramu, V., Manjón, F. J., Jayasankar, C. K., … Muñoz, A. (2015). Structural, elastic and vibrational properties of nanocrystalline lutetium gallium garnet under high pressure. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 17(14), 9454-9464. doi:10.1039/c4cp05903dRay, S., León-Luis, S. F., Manjón, F. J., Mollar, M. A., Gomis, Ó., Rodríguez-Mendoza, U. R., … Lavín, V. (2014). Broadband, site selective and time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopic studies of finely size-modulated Y2O3:Eu3+ phosphors synthesized by a complex based precursor solution method. Current Applied Physics, 14(1), 72-81. doi:10.1016/j.cap.2013.07.027Nekvasil, V. (1978). The Crystal Field for Nd3+ in Garnets. Physica Status Solidi (b), 87(1), 317-323. doi:10.1002/pssb.2220870137Rodríguez-Mendoza, U. R., León-Luis, S. F., Muñoz-Santiuste, J. E., Jaque, D., & Lavín, V. (2013). Nd3+-doped Ca3Ga2Ge3O12garnet: A new optical pressure sensor. Journal of Applied Physics, 113(21), 213517. doi:10.1063/1.4809217Kaminska, A., Buczko, R., Paszkowicz, W., Przybylińska, H., Werner-Malento, E., Suchocki, A., … Saxena, S. (2011). Merging of the4F3/2level states of Nd3+ions in the photoluminescence spectra of gadolinium-gallium garnets under high pressure. Physical Review B, 84(7). doi:10.1103/physrevb.84.075483Allik, T. H., Stewart, S. A., Sardar, D. K., Quarles, G. J., Powell, R. C., Morrison, C. A., … Pinto, A. A. (1988). Preparation, structure, and spectroscopic properties ofNd3+:{La1−xLux}3[Lu1−yGay]2Ga3O12crystals. Physical Review B, 37(16), 9129-9139. doi:10.1103/physrevb.37.9129Wu, K., Yao, B., Zhang, H., Yu, H., Wang, Z., Wang, J., & Jiang, M. (2010). Growth and properties of Nd:Lu3Ga5O12 laser crystal by floating-zone method. Journal of Crystal Growth, 312(24), 3631-3636. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.09.029Jia, Z., Arcangeli, A., Tao, X., Zhang, J., Dong, C., Jiang, M., … Tonelli, M. (2009). Efficient Nd3+→Yb3+ energy transfer in Nd3+,Yb3+:Gd3Ga5O12 multicenter garnet crystal. Journal of Applied Physics, 105(8), 083113. doi:10.1063/1.3115442Guillot-Noel, O., Bellamy, B., Viana, B., & Gourier, D. (1999). Correlation between rare-earth oscillator strengths and rare-earth–valence-band interactions in neodymium-dopedYMO4(M=V,P, As),Y3Al5O12,andLiYF4matrices. Physical Review B, 60(3), 1668-1677. doi:10.1103/physrevb.60.1668Demidovich, A. A., Shkadarevich, A. P., Danailov, M. B., Apai, P., Gasmi, T., Gribkovskii, V. P., … Batay, L. E. (1998). Comparison of cw laser performance of Nd:KGW, Nd:YAG, Nd:BEL, and Nd:YVO 4 under laser diode pumping. Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics, 67(1), 11-15. doi:10.1007/s003400050467Inokuti, M., & Hirayama, F. (1965). Influence of Energy Transfer by the Exchange Mechanism on Donor Luminescence. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 43(6), 1978-1989. doi:10.1063/1.1697063Lupei, V., & Lupei, A. (2000). Emission dynamics of the4F3/2level ofNd3+in YAG at low pump intensities. Physical Review B, 61(12), 8087-8098. doi:10.1103/physrevb.61.8087Maeda, K., Wada, N., Umino, M., Abe, M., Takada, Y., Nakano, N., & Kuroda, H. (1984). Concentration Dependence of Fluorescence Lifetime of Nd3+-Doped Gd3Ga5O12Lasers. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 23(Part 2, No. 10), L759-L760. doi:10.1143/jjap.23.l759Geusic, J. E., Marcos, H. M., & Van Uitert, L. G. (1964). LASER OSCILLATIONS IN Nd‐DOPED YTTRIUM ALUMINUM, YTTRIUM GALLIUM AND GADOLINIUM GARNETS. Applied Physics Letters, 4(10), 182-184. doi:10.1063/1.1753928Löhring, J., Nicklaus, K., Kujath, N., & Hoffmann, D. (2007). Diode pumped Nd:YGG laser for direct generation of pulsed 935 nm radiation for water vapour measurements. Solid State Lasers XVI: Technology and Devices. doi:10.1117/12.708220Maunier, C., Doualan, J. L., Moncorgé, R., Speghini, A., Bettinelli, M., & Cavalli, E. (2002). Growth, spectroscopic characterization, and laser performance of Nd:LuVO_4, a new infrared laser material that is suitable for diode pumping. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 19(8), 1794. doi:10.1364/josab.19.00179

Upward convergence in working conditions

Social convergence has gained an equal footing alongside economic convergence as an EU goal in the wake of the economic crisis. This report presents the results of a study into convergence in working conditions, a major component of social policymaking. It examines whether working conditions have improved over the past two decades in the EU as a whole and whether dissimilarities between Member States in this area have narrowed

Dysfunctional 3D model based on structural and neuropsychological information

Acquired brain injury (ABI) 1-2 refers to any brain damage occurring after birth. It usually causes certain damage to portions of the brain. ABI may result in a significant impairment of an individuals physical, cognitive and/or psychosocial functioning. The main causes are traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and brain tumors. The main consequence of ABI is a dramatic change in the individuals daily life. This change involves a disruption of the family, a loss of future income capacity and an increase of lifetime cost. One of the main challenges in neurorehabilitation is to obtain a dysfunctional profile of each patient in order to personalize the treatment. This paper proposes a system to generate a patient s dysfunctional profile by integrating theoretical, structural and neuropsychological information on a 3D brain imaging-based model. The main goal of this dysfunctional profile is to help therapists design the most suitable treatment for each patient. At the same time, the results obtained are a source of clinical evidence to improve the accuracy and quality of our rehabilitation system. Figure 1 shows the diagram of the system. This system is composed of four main modules: image-based extraction of parameters, theoretical modeling, classification and co-registration and visualization module